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Communications Information


Connection Quality
Connection Type Download Speed Upload Speed Best Audio Possible (VCR Quality = 1.5 Mbps)
Wireless WAN 2-9 Kbps 2-9 Kbps
Dial-up modem (14.4 Kbps) 9.6 - 14.4 Kbps 9.6 - 14.4 Kbps 8kHz (mono, telephone or AM-radio quality)
Dial-up modem (33.6 Kbps) 33.6 Kbps 33.6 Kbps 16 kHz or 22 kHz (mono)
Dial-up modem (56 Kbps) 56 Kbps 33.6 Kbps  
ISDN, one B channel (BRI) 56 - 64 Kbps 56 - 64 Kbps 16 kHz or 22 kHz (stereo) or 44 kHz (mono)
ISDN, two B channels (BRI) 128 Kbps 128 Kbps 44 kHz (stereo hi-fi)
IDSL (Symmetric, no concurrent analog telephone, 1 copper pair) 144 Kbps 144 Kbps  
Two-way satellite 300-900 Kbps 50-150 Kbps  
Fixed-point wireless 300 Kbps - 1 Mbps 60-500 Kbps  
Cable 200 Kbps - 1.2 Mbps (theoretical: 7 Mbps) 100-200 Kbps  
ADSL Lite (Asymmetric, concurrent analog telephone, 1 copper pair) up to 1.5 Mbps up to 384 Kbps  
HDSL (Symmetric, no concurrent analog telephone, 2 copper pairs) 1.54 Mbps 1.54 Mbps  
HDSL2 (Symmetric, no concurrent analog telephone, 1 copper pair) 1.54 Mbps 1.54 Mbps  
ISDN (PRI) up to 1.544 Mbps up to 1.544 Mbps  
Fractional or full T1 384 Kbps - 1.544 Mbps 384 Kbps - 1.544 Mbps VHS quality
ADSL (Asymmetric, concurrent analog telephone, 1 copper pair) 144 Kbps - 2.2 Mbps (theoretical: 8 Mbps) 90-640 Kbps  
SDSL (Symmetric, no concurrent analog telephone, 1 copper pair) up to 2.3 Mbps up to 2.3 Mbps  
RADSL (Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line) 7 Mbps 1 Mbps  
10Base-T Ethernet 10 Mbps 10 Mbps  
T3 44.736 Mbps 44.736 Mbps  
VDSL (Asymmetric or Symmetric, concurrent analog telephone, 1 copper pair) up to 51 Mbps up to 51 Mbps  
FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) 100 Mbps 100 Mbps  
Frame Relay 56 Kbps - 155 Mbps 56 Kbps - 155 Mbps  
SONET (Synchronous Optical Networking) 51.84 Mbps - 2,488.32 Mbps 51.84 Mbps - 2,488.32 Mbps  
ATM 25 - 655 Mbps or faster 25 - 655 Mbps or faster  
Gigabit ethernet 1 Gbps 1 Gbps  
OC-192 10 Gbps 10 Gbps  


Download Times
(also see Download Time Calculator)
Type of Service Download Time (2M File)
T3 0.4 second
Cable Modem 1.6 seconds
PC hard drive 2.7 seconds
ADSL 10.7 seconds
T1 10.7 seconds
4x CD-ROM 26.7 seconds
ISDN 2.1 minutes
28.8 modem 9.3 minutes
14.4 modem 18.5 minutes


Service Type Bandwidth
Type of Service Bandwidth
DSO 64Kbps
DS1/T-1 1.544Mbps
DS1C/T-1C 3.152Mbps
DS2/T-2 6.312Mbps
DS3/T-3 44.736Mbps
DS3D/T-3D 135Mbps
DS4 274.176Mbps
E-1 2.048Mbps
E-2 8.448Mbps
E-3 34.368Mbps
E-4 139.264Mbps
E-5 565.148Mbps
OC-1 51.84Mbps
OC-3 155.52Mbps
OC-12 622.08Mbps
OC-24 1.244Gbps
OC-48 2.488Gbps
OC-192 10Gbps
OC-256 13.271Gbps
OC-768 39.813Gbps


Indicators
CTS Clear To Send
DCD Data Carrier Detect
RI Ring Indicator
MR Modem Ready
SD Send Data
RD Receive Data


CCITT standards
Bell 103 300 bps
V.21 300 bps outside U.S.
Bell 212 1,200 bps
V.22 1,200 bps outside U.S.
V.22bis 2,400 bps
V.32 9,600 bps
V.32bis 14,400 bps
V.FAST 28,800 bps
V.34 28,800 bps


Protocols
MNP (Microcom Networking Protocol) class 4 governs error control (not error correction)
MNP class 5 governs data compression
MNP 10 improve reliability over cellular phones
V.42 error control based on LAP-M protocol developed by Hayes
V.42bis data compression (better than MNP class 5 b/c it recognizes compressed data and won't try to recompress it)


AT Commands
ATA answer the phone
ATDT or ATDP dial using tone or pulse dial
ATH hang up phone
A/ repeat last command
ATS0=x answer after x rings, 0 turns off auto-answer
ATZ reset to default wake state
ATM0 no speaker
ATM1 speaker on while dialing, off after connection made
ATM2 speaker on always
ATM3 speaker off while dialing, on until connection over
ATLx volume adjustment L0,L1 = low L2 = medium L3 = high
ATX4 report connection speed, busy signal, no dial tone detected
ATDS=x dial phone # x that is stored in memory
AT&Zx=n store number n is memory slot x
, pause for 2 seconds
W wait for next dial tone before proceeding
++++ go to command state
ATQ0V1 give result codes in words, not numbers
AT&F reset to factory defaults (careful using)
AT&K3 use hardware flow control
AT&K4 use software flow control
ATI3 show firmware version number of modem (if available)


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